{"id":141,"date":"2010-12-06T14:02:48","date_gmt":"2010-12-06T14:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp\/wordpress\/kurdish-language\/"},"modified":"2018-11-09T12:26:29","modified_gmt":"2018-11-09T12:26:29","slug":"kurdish-language","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/?p=141","title":{"rendered":"Kurdish Language"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kurdish (Kurdish: Kurd\u00ed, \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc<\/span>, Kurd\u00ee, \u041a\u00f6\u0440\u0434\u0438) language belongs to the Indo-European family of languages<\/a>. Kurdish dialects are members of the northwestern subdivision of the Indo-Iranic language,<\/a> Iranic branch of this largest family of language in the world. The Kurdish language is an independent language, having its own historical development, continuity, grammatical system and rich living vocabularies. The Kurdish language was derived from the ancient “Median” language or “Proto-Kurdish”. Ca. 30 million people in the high land of Middle East, Kurdistan, speak different dialect of Kurdish.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kurdish dialects divide into three primaries groups: 1)<\/b> the Northern Kurdish dialects<\/a> group also called Kurmanj\u00ed and Bad\u00ednan\u00ed, 2)<\/strong> Central Kurdish dialects<\/a> group also called Soran\u00ed (see also basic linguistic differences<\/a> between these two major branches) and 3)<\/b> the Southern Kurdish dialects<\/a> group also called Pehlewan\u00ed or “Pahlawanik” group in some sources. The two other major branches of Kurdish language are, Dim\u00edl\u00ed group<\/a> also called “Zaza”<\/i> and Hewram\u00ed group<\/a> also called Goran\u00ed (G\u00faran\u00ed) in some sources. These are further divided into scores of dialects and sub-dialects as well, Please see KAL’s Kurdish Genealogy Tree<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In some linguistic sources the south west Iranic branch of Indo-Iranic languages Lurr\u00ed (Luri) group<\/a> has been classed as a subgroup of Kurdish language. Although Lurr\u00ed contain a great number of Kurdish words there are still many unanswered questions regarding the relation between Lurr\u00ed and the rest of Kurdish language.<\/p>\n

There is no standard nomenclature for the divisions of Kurdish dialects, not just in the works of Western scholars but among the Kurds themselves. All the native designators for local language and dialects are based on the way the spoken language of one group sounds to the unfamiliar ears of the other. Dimila and their vernacular, Dimili, are therefore called Zaza <\/i>by the Bad\u00ednan\u00ed speakers, with reference to the preponderance of Z sounds in their language (Nikitin 1926). The Dimila call the Bad\u00ednan\u00ed dialect and its speakers Xerewere.<\/i> The Gorans refer to the Soran\u00ed as Kurkure<\/i> and Wawa.<\/i> The Soran\u00ed speakers in turn call the Gorans and their vernacular, Goran\u00ed, Mec\u00fa Mec\u00fa,<\/i> and refer to the tongue and the speakers of Bad\u00ednan\u00ed as Ji Babu<\/i>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Table 1) Some alternative names for the Dialect Groups in Kurdish language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

M. Izady<\/a>
\n1992<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

A. Hassanpour<\/a>
\n1989<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

MacKenzie<\/a>
\n1981<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

J. Nebez<\/a>
\n1976<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Zeb\u00edh\u00ed<\/a>
\n1967<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

North Kurm\u00e2nji<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Kurmanci<\/td>\n\n

Northern Group<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

North Kirmanci<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Northern Group<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

South Kurm\u00e2nji<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Sorani<\/td>\n\n

Central Group<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Middle Kirmanci<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Central Group<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Dimili<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Hawrami<\/td>\n\n

Non-Kurdish<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Goran\u00ed \/ Zazai<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Hawrami<\/a> \/ Dimili<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Gur\u00e2ni<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Kirmashani<\/td>\n\n

Southern Group<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

South Kirmanci<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Southern Group<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

References<\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Dr. A. Hassanpour<\/a>, Nationalism and Language in Kurdistan 1918 – 1985<\/li>\n
  2. Prof. M. Izady<\/a>, The Kurds: A Concise Handbook, Dep. of Near Easter Languages and Civilization Harvard University, USA, 1992<\/li>\n
  3. Dr. Jemal Nebez<\/a>, Towards a unified Kurdish language, 1976<\/li>\n
  4. Language Family<\/a>, Wikipedia<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kurdish (Kurdish: Kurd\u00ed, \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc, Kurd\u00ee, \u041a\u00f6\u0440\u0434\u0438) language belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. Kurdish dialects are members of the northwestern subdivision of the Indo-Iranic language, [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2590,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-front-page-mid-column","category-language"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=141"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2761,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/141\/revisions\/2761"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=141"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=141"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}