{"id":511,"date":"2008-09-27T22:09:41","date_gmt":"2008-09-27T22:09:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp\/wordpress\/zimanekani-hindustan\/"},"modified":"2008-09-27T22:09:41","modified_gmt":"2008-09-27T22:09:41","slug":"zimanekani-hindustan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/?page_id=511","title":{"rendered":"Zimanekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00fas\u00edn\u00ed mallperr\u00ed Indiansaga
\nWerg\u00e9rran le Ingl\u00eds\u00edyewe: Hesen\u00e9 Qaz\u00ed <\/a><\/p>\n

Sh\u00e9we qarey H\u00ednd le jhimareyek komellgey j\u00edyawaz\u00ed ziman\u00ed p\u00e9k hat\u00fawe ke herkameyan le ziman u kolt\u00far\u00e9k\u00ed hawbeshda sher\u00edkin. Xellk\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zor ziman u d\u00edyal\u00e9ktan qisan deken ke zorbeyan sh\u00e9wezar\u00ed 15 ziman\u00ed serek\u00edn.<\/p>\n

H\u00e9nd\u00e9k le zimanekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan m\u00e9jh\u00fayek\u00ed dir\u00e9jh\u00ed edeb\u00edyan heye – temen\u00ed edeb\u00edyat\u00ed Sanskrit z\u00edyatir le 5000 hezar sall u temen\u00ed Tamil degate 3000 sall. H\u00ednd\u00fastan her weha ziman\u00ed ewtosh\u00ed heye ke sh\u00e9wezar\u00ed n\u00fas\u00edn\u00edyan n\u00edye. Le H\u00ednd\u00fastan 18 ziman be resm\u00ed nasrawin ( le sall\u00ed 1992 zimanan\u00ed Konkani, Manipuri u Nepali lew l\u00edsteye z\u00edyad kiran)u her kam lew zimanane edeb\u00edyat\u00e9k\u00ed zor gir\u00edng u dewllemendyan berhe\u200cm h\u00e9nawe.<\/p>\n

Ew zimanane egerc\u00ed le zor r\u00fawewe le yek j\u00edyawazin, bellam hem\u00fayan le p\u00e9naw kult\u00far\u00e9k\u00ed yekdest da kar deken ke jewhe\u200cr\u00ed edeb\u00edyat\u00ed gewrey H\u00ednd\u00fastan p\u00e9k deh\u00e9n\u00e9.Ewe p\u00e9shkewtin\u00e9ke le serzwe\u00edn\u00ed lehjey zoruzewend\u00ed jor be jor da. Jhimarey ax\u00e9weran\u00ed her kam le zimanekan le yekd\u00ed zor j\u00edyawazin. Bo nimune, Hindi z\u00edyatir\u00ed le 250 m\u00edlyon kes ax\u00e9wer\u00ed heye, bellam be r\u00e9jhe xellk\u00e9k\u00ed zor kem be ziman\u00ed Adamanes qise deken.<\/p>\n

Egerc\u00ed be h\u00e9nd\u00e9k le zimanekan degutr\u00e9 ziman\u00ed ” hoz\u00ed ” yan “xoj\u00e9y\u00ed\u00ed”, bellam ew hesh\u00edmetey qiseyan p\u00e9deken lewaneye lew ax\u00e9werane z\u00edyatir bin ke be h\u00e9nd\u00e9k le zimane Urr\u00fapay\u00edyekan dedw\u00e9n. Bo nim\u00fane Bhili u Santali ke herd\u00fakyan ziman\u00ed hoz\u00ed n, her kam\u00e9kyan z\u00edyatir le 4 m\u00edlyon kes qiseyan p\u00e9deken. Niz\u00edkey d\u00fa m\u00edlyon kes be ziman\u00ed Gondi qise deken. Le f\u00e9rgekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan da be 58 ziman\u00ed j\u00edyawaz dexw\u00e9ndir\u00e9. Le H\u00ednd\u00fastan be 87 ziman rojhname derdec\u00e9, be 71 ziman bernamey radyoy\u00ed heye u be 15 zimanan f\u00edlm dirust dekr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Zimanekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan ser be cuwar binemalley ziman\u00edn: Hindu \u2013 Urr\u00fapay\u00ed, Dravidiyai, Mon \u2013 Xim\u00e9r u C\u00edn\u00ed u- T\u00edbet\u00ed. Zorbey here zor\u00ed dan\u00edsht\u00fawan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zimanekan\u00ed ser be binemalley H\u00edndu-Urr\u00fapay\u00ed u Dravidiyay\u00ed qise deken. Binemalle ziman\u00edyekan kemtazor be ser gir\u00fape jugraf\u00edyayekanda dabesh debin. Zimanekan\u00ed ser be gir\u00fap\u00ed H\u00edndu-Urr\u00fapay\u00ed be sh\u00e9wey serek\u00ed le her\u00e9mekan\u00ed Bak\u00far u N\u00e9werrast da qiseyan p\u00e9 dekr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Zimanekan\u00ed Xuwar\u00fay H\u00ednd\u00fastan be sh\u00e9wey serek\u00ed ser be gir\u00fap\u00ed zimanan\u00ed Dravidiyay\u00edn.H\u00e9nd\u00e9k destey \u00e9tin\u00edk\u00ed le Asam u h\u00e9nd\u00e9k le beshekan\u00ed Rojhhe\u200cllat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zimanan\u00ed gir\u00fap\u00ed ser be binemalley Mon-Xim\u00e9r qise deken.Ew xellkey \u200c le her\u00e9m\u00ed H\u00edmal\u00edyay Bak\u00far\u00ed u le niz\u00edk sin\u00far\u00ed Burme dejh\u00edn be zimanekan\u00ed ser be binemalley C\u00edn\u00ed u- T\u00edbet\u00ed qise deken. Ax\u00e9weran\u00ed 54 ziman\u00ed j\u00edyawaz\u00ed ser be binemalley H\u00edndu \u2013 Urr\u00fapay\u00ed s\u00e9 le cuwar\u00ed hesh\u00edmet\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan p\u00e9k deh\u00e9nin. 20 ziman\u00ed ser be binemalley Dravidiyay\u00ed le layen yek le cuwar\u00ed dan\u00edsht\u00faanewe qiseyan p\u00e9dekr\u00e9. Ax\u00e9weran\u00ed 20 ziman\u00ed ser be binemalley Mon \u2013 Xim\u00e9r u 98 ziman\u00ed ser be binemalley C\u00edn\u00ed u- T\u00edbet\u00ed d\u00fa le sed\u00ed dan\u00edshtuwanin.<\/p>\n

Edeb\u00edyat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan <\/strong><\/p>\n

Rrecellek\u00ed edeb\u00edyat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan degerr\u00e9tewe bo z\u00edyatir le 5000 hezar sall lemew p\u00e9sh. Ewe deqe kilas\u00edkekan\u00ed d\u00edn\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fayayet\u00ed, B\u00fadayet\u00ed, Jeyn\u00edyayet\u00ed, u S\u00edkayet\u00ed \u061b edeb\u00edyat\u00ed d\u00edwexan\u00ed padshakan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan\u061b sh\u00e9’r\u00ed zarek\u00ed u goran\u00ed\u061b sh\u00e9’r u pexshan\u00ed taze ke b\u00edr u hizr\u00ed nw\u00e9 derdebrrin weber degir\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Egerc\u00ed ew wejaney be d\u00fay yekd\u00edda hat\u00fan herkameyan edeb\u00edyat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastanyan dewllemend kird\u00fawe u besh\u00ed xoyan t\u00e9xist\u00fawe, deqe kewnarakan h\u00e9shtash karl\u00e9ker\u00edyan heye. Ta serubend\u00ed mod\u00e9rrn,be asay\u00ed edeb\u00edyat be r\u00e9gey nwandin u gutnewey degeyishte b\u00edsteran. Deq u c\u00edroke d\u00edn\u00edyekan, ke zoryan zorjar zor d\u00farudir\u00e9jh b\u00fan, le ber dekiran u be sh\u00e9wey zarek\u00ed s\u00edng be s\u00edng le wej\u00e9kewe radegw\u00e9zran bo wej\u00e9k\u00ed d\u00edke. Ja boye egerc\u00ed niz\u00edkey n\u00edwey dan\u00edsht\u00fawan\u00ed Xuwar\u00fay As\u00edya nexw\u00e9ndewarin u natuwanin bixw\u00e9nnewe u bin\u00fasn, bellam kult\u00far\u00ed her\u00e9meke heta bill\u00e9y berewp\u00e9sh c\u00fawe.<\/p>\n

Edeb\u00edyat\u00ed sh\u00e9we qarrey H\u00ednd\u00fastan be ser s\u00e9 serubendanda dabesh dekr\u00e9. Serdem\u00ed kewnara, ke ziman\u00ed Sanskrit balla dest b\u00fa ( ta niz\u00edk 1000 sal duway zay\u00edn\u00ed xayand) serubend\u00ed n\u00e9werrast , le niz\u00edkey 1000 sall duway zay\u00edn ta beray\u00edyekan\u00ed 1800 ( ke lew maweyeda zimane her\u00e9m\u00edyekan berew p\u00e9sh c\u00fan)\u061b u serubend\u00ed mod\u00e9rrin, ke ferhe\u200cng\u00ed Urr\u00fapay\u00ed karl\u00e9ker\u00ed leser\u00ed heb\u00fawe.Le d\u00fa serubend\u00ed yekemda, zorbey edeb\u00edyat sh\u00e9’r b\u00fa yan be sh\u00e9wey \u00e9p\u00edgiram ( sh\u00e9’r\u00e9k\u00ed kurt\u00ed, be n\u00e9werok\u200c) , egerc\u00ed pexshan\u00edsh dekar dekra. Le serubend\u00ed mod\u00e9rrin da, bekarh\u00e9nan\u00ed pexshan be tewaw\u00ed p\u00e9sh xirawe.<\/p>\n

Edeb\u00edyat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zor zimanan n\u00fasrawe. Her zimaney besh\u00ed xoy t\u00e9 xist\u00fawe u taybetmend\u00ed lemerr xoy t\u00e9da derbirr\u00edwe.Bellam le sertaser\u00ed m\u00e9jh\u00fay edeb\u00edyat\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastanda,zimanekan\u00ed ew\u00e9 le yekitryan wergirt\u00fawe u le babet, sh\u00e9waz, pesh\u00e9w\u00ed, arraste u jwillanewekanyanda hawbesh b\u00fan.<\/p>\n

Edeb\u00edyat\u00ed her ziman\u00e9k\u00ed taybet\u00ed, forrm, remz u n\u00edyans\u00ed lemerr xoy heye, ja boye zor ment\u00edq\u00edtire eger bigutr\u00e9 le H\u00ednd\u00fastan be radey edeb\u00edyat, ziman hene ke le edeb\u00edyat da pishk\u00fat\u00fan u gullyan kird\u00fawe. Willam\u00ed hawdill\u00ed n\u00faseran\u00ed afir\u00e9ner\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zor zimanan bo g\u00edrugirift\u00ed hawbesh u ezm\u00fan\u00ed wek\u00fa yek b\u00e9 emla u ewla r\u00fan u ashkraye.
\nSanskrit\u00ed qise p\u00e9kirdin ew kan\u00edyeye ke zimanekan\u00ed Ar\u00edyay\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan lewewe hellqyll\u00edwin\u061b besh\u00ed serek\u00ed wushekan u s\u00edstim\u00ed gerdan kirdinyan lew sercawe yewe d\u00e9. Tenanet zimanan\u00ed Dravid\u00edyay\u00edsh ke binaxeyek\u00ed be tewaw\u00ed j\u00edyawaz\u00ed wusherronanyan heye le biwar\u00ed wushe u fonolojh\u00edyewe qerzdar\u00ed sanskrit in jige le r\u00e9zperr\u00ed ziman\u00ed Tamil neb\u00e9.
\nLe bar\u00ed m\u00e9jh\u00edney sercawey edeb\u00edyewe be duway sanskrit da Tamil d\u00e9. Ziman\u00ed Urdu ten\u00e9 xawen\u00ed m\u00edrat\u00e9k\u00ed niz\u00edk p\u00e9njsed salleye. H\u00ednd\u00ed shw\u00e9n\u00e9k\u00ed hellkewt\u00fay heye le qewarey sertaser\u00ed da wek\u00fa ziman\u00ed resm\u00ed yek\u00e9t\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan u shesh dewlletekan\u00ed.\u200c<\/p>\n

Sanskrit <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sanskrit\u00ed kon p\u00e9y\u00ed degutira Vedik yan sanskrit\u00ed Vedik u zor p\u00e9cellp\u00e9ctir b\u00fa le sh\u00e9wezar\u00ed duwatir\u00ed ew zimane, ke n\u00e9w\u00ed Sanskrit\u00ed kilas\u00edk b\u00fa. Ziman\u00ed Vedik be gorran\u00ed be sanskrit\u00ed kilas\u00edk hasantir b\u00fawewe. Le sallan\u00ed 400-\u00ed ber le zay\u00edn, r\u00e9zmann\u00fas Panini sherh\u00e9k\u00ed zor be wurde r\u00edshall\u00ed le ser sanskrit\u00ed kilas\u00edk n\u00fas\u00ed, \u00edd\u00ed ewe p\u00e9sh\u00ed bewe girt ziman\u00ed edeb\u00ed (ziman\u00ed n\u00fas\u00edn) allugorr\u00ed z\u00edyatir\u00ed t\u00e9da bikr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Sanskrit nw\u00e9nerayet\u00ed destkewt\u00ed here gewrey zimanan\u00ed H\u00edndu- Ar\u00edyay\u00ed deka. Egerc\u00ed lem rojhgare da zor kem qisey p\u00e9dekr\u00e9, Sanskrit le qan\u00fan\u00ed binc\u00edney\u00ed da wek\u00fa ziman\u00e9k\u00ed netewey\u00ed pejhr\u00e9ndirawe.<\/p>\n

Sanskrit kontir\u00edn ziman\u00ed edeb\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan u binc\u00edney zor\u00e9k le zimane mod\u00e9rrnekan\u00ed hen\u00fakey H\u00ednd\u00fastane,le wane Hindi u Urdu. Sh\u00e9waz\u00ed d\u00edyal\u00e9kit\u00ed here beray\u00ed ew zimane, wate Vedik, le layen ar\u00edyay\u00edyekanewe qisey p\u00e9dekira. Sanskrit wek\u00fa ziman\u00e9k\u00ed z\u00ednd\u00fa niz\u00edkey sall\u00ed 100-\u00ed ber le zay\u00edn damirka u kip b\u00fa, bawek\u00fa ewesh, her wek ziman\u00ed Lat\u00edn le Rrojhawa, sanskrit berdewam b\u00fa ke ziman\u00ed derbar u sh\u00e9’r u dirama b\u00e9. Her weha wek ziman\u00e9k\u00ed zan\u00edn b\u00fa bo zanist, felsefe u deqe d\u00edn\u00edyekan. Tenanet emrrosh, h\u00e9nd\u00e9k le zanayan le H\u00ednd\u00fastan, be ziman\u00ed sanskrit ders dell\u00e9newe, qisey p\u00e9deken u p\u00e9y\u00ed den\u00fasn.<\/p>\n

Sanskrit hellbijhardeyek\u00ed dewllemend\u00ed dengan\u00ed heye, egerc\u00ed le sanskrit\u00ed Vedik hasantire,legell eweshda, sanskrit\u00ed kilas\u00edk zor le zimanan\u00ed mod\u00e9rrin p\u00e9cellp\u00e9ctire. Ew zimane 10 wav\u00e9l u 4 d\u00edftong\u00ed heye.he\u200cr weha 25 deng\u00ed konsonant u 4 sh\u00e9we wav\u00e9l\u200c, her weha deng\u00ed f\u00edt\u00fa amal \u061bjige leme d\u00fa deng\u00ed henasey\u00ed , u deng\u00e9k\u00ed n\u00e9wkepoy\u00ed heye.<\/p>\n

Rr\u00e9ziman\u00ed Sanskr\u00edt zor alloz u p\u00e9cellp\u00e9ce. Bo nim\u00fane naw u awellnaw s\u00e9 j\u00edns\u00edyetyan heye (n\u00e9r, m\u00e9 u b\u00e9layen). Ewan be s\u00e9 jhimarey r\u00e9ziman\u00ed gerdan dekir\u00e9n ( tak, d\u00fay\u00ed u ko). Ewan her weha xawen hesht doxin (biker\u00ed, berkar\u00ed, amraz\u00ed,dox\u00ed berkar\u00ed b\u00e9 nawgir,dox\u00ed berkar\u00ed dirawe pal ,dox\u00ed xawenet\u00ed, dox\u00ed j\u00e9girewe,dox\u00ed neda) s\u00edstim\u00ed kirdar\u00edsh herwa p\u00e9cellp\u00e9ce.<\/p>\n

Ew zimane, xawen\u00ed hesht dox\u00ed r\u00e9ziman\u00ed beshekan\u00ed axaftine ( sh\u00e9waz\u00ed gerdankirdin\u00ed naw, j\u00e9naw u awellnaw).
\nHe\u200cr weha s\u00e9 dox\u00ed “he\u200cjhmar\u00ed” heye — wate tak, ko u d\u00fay\u00ed(dox\u00e9k\u00ed naw, awellnaw u kirdar kat\u00e9k bo amajhe be d\u00fa kes yan d\u00fashit dekardekirdir\u00e9). Lew zimane da s\u00edstim\u00e9k\u00ed gir\u00edng\u00ed con n\u00fas\u00edn heye ke p\u00e9y\u00ed degutir\u00e9 sandh\u00ed, ew\u00edsh eweye ke kotay\u00ed wushe be\u00a0 p\u00e9y deng\u00ed diraws\u00e9 allugorr\u00ed be ser da d\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Dravidiyay\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zimanekan\u00ed xuwar\u00fay H\u00ednd\u00fastan le binemalley zimane dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00edyekan p\u00e9k d\u00e9n. Ew ax\u00e9weraney be zimanekan\u00ed binemalley zimanan\u00ed dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed qise deken lew beshaney H\u00ednd\u00fastan\u00edsh dejh\u00edn ke zimane bak\u00far\u00edyekan balla destin. Niz\u00edk 250 m\u00edlyon kes le xellk\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan be zimanan\u00ed binemalley dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed qise deken.<\/p>\n

Zimanan\u00ed binemalley dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed bo xoyan desteyek\u00ed serbexon u be p\u00e9cewaney axawtinekan\u00ed Ar\u00edyay\u00ed, Awstir\u00ed yan C\u00edn\u00ed u \u2013 T\u00edbet\u00ed, ci p\u00e9wend\u00ed u xizmayet\u00edyan n\u00edye le derewey sh\u00e9we qarrey H\u00ednd\u00fastan, wate, H\u00ednd\u00fastan, Pakistan u Bengalad\u00e9sh. Binemalley zimanan\u00ed dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed d\u00fawem\u00edn destey here gewrey zimanan le H\u00ednd\u00fastan,u %25 gisht le dan\u00edsht\u00fawan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan qiseyan p\u00e9deken. Le sh\u00e9we qarrey H\u00ednd\u00fastan da em binemalley zimanane dekr\u00e9 be ser s\u00e9 lik da dabesh bikr\u00e9n-<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Lik\u00ed Bak\u00far\u00ed le ziman\u00ed Brahui y p\u00e9k d\u00e9 ke le Bel\u00facistan qisey p\u00e9 dekr\u00e9 u zimanan\u00ed Kuruhk u , Malto ke le Bengall u Orissa qiseyan p\u00e9 dekr\u00e9.<\/li>\n
  2. Lik\u00ed d\u00fahe\u200cm bir\u00edt\u00edye le ziman\u00ed Telugu u jhimareyek lehjey d\u00edke ke le N\u00e9werrast\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan qiseyan p\u00e9 dekir\u00e9.<\/li>\n
  3. Lik\u00ed Bash\u00far\u00ed le zimanan\u00ed Tamil, Kannanda, Malayalama, Tulu, Badaga, Toda,Kota u Kodagu p\u00e9k d\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Zimane here cawrrak\u00e9shekan\u00ed destey binemalley dirav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed bir\u00edt\u00edn le:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ziman\u00ed telugu, ke ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00ed ye le Andhra Pradesh, u le bar\u00ed jhimarewe gewretir\u00edn ziman\u00ed naw binemalley zimanan\u00ed drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed ye.<\/li>\n
    2. Tamil, ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00ed ye le Tamil Nadu, be ruwallet kontir\u00edn u pakitr\u00edn lik\u00ed zimanan\u00ed binemalley Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed ye.<\/li>\n
    3. Kannanda ( ke Canarese sh\u00ed p\u00e9dell\u00e9n), ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00edye le Karnataka, emesh ziman\u00e9k\u00ed kewnaray binemalley Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed ye ke serbexoyane p\u00e9sh kewt\u00fawe.<\/li>\n
    4. Malayalam , ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00edye le Kerala, ziman\u00ed here pic\u00fak u he\u200cre kem temen\u00ed naw binemalley zimanan\u00ed Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed ye.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Zimanan\u00ed Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed desteyek\u00ed be tewaw\u00ed j\u00edyawazin le zimanan\u00ed H\u00edndu-Urr\u00fapay\u00ed, egerc\u00ed ewan\u00edsh zor wusheyan le ziman\u00ed Sanskritewe xuwast\u00fawetewe. Cuwar ziman\u00ed serek\u00ed naw binemalley zimanan\u00ed Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed wate Tamil, Telugu, Kannanda u Malayalam cuwar le zimanan\u00ed ferm\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastanin. Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00edyekan belan\u00ed kemewe 4500 salle, le nawceke jh\u00edyawin, u zimanan\u00ed Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00ed m\u00edjh\u00fayek\u00ed astekiraw\u00ed (tomarkiraw\u00ed) z\u00edyatir le 2000 sall\u00edyan heye. Ax\u00e9weran\u00ed zimane Drav\u00edd\u00edyay\u00edyekan hest be yek\u00e9t\u00edyek\u00ed kult\u00far\u00ed zor pitew le naw yektr\u00ed da deken.<\/p>\n

      Zimanekan\u00ed H\u00edndu-Aryay\u00ed <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Pisporran\u00ed ziman shw\u00e9n\u00ed s\u00e9 qonax\u00ed serek\u00edyan le p\u00e9shwec\u00fan\u00ed zimanan\u00ed H\u00edndu-Ariyay\u00edda da hellgirt\u00fawe. Qonax\u00ed yekem ziman\u00ed Sanskrit b\u00fa. Xellk\u00ed kocer\u00ed dan\u00edsht\u00fay Bak\u00far\u00ed Rojhawa le Bak\u00far\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan serubend\u00e9k ber le sall\u00ed 1000-\u00ed zay\u00edn\u00ed ziman\u00ed Sanskrityan bekar deh\u00e9na.<\/p>\n

      Le qonaxekey d\u00edke da, ziman\u00ed Prakrit niz\u00edkey sall\u00ed 250-\u00ed ber le zay\u00edn le Sanskritewe zawe. Pali yek\u00e9k\u00ed d\u00edke le zimanekan\u00ed ew serubende b\u00fa ke ew\u00edsh le Sanskritewe fircik\u00ed girt. Le niz\u00edkey sall\u00ed 1000-\u00ed duway zay\u00ednewe, sh\u00e9wezarekan\u00ed duwatir\u00ed Prakrit, ke hem\u00fa beyekewe be Apabhramsha n\u00e9wd\u00e9r dekran,zimane jorbejore her\u00e9m\u00edyekan\u00edyan l\u00e9 b\u00fa ke lem rojhgare da dekar dekir\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

      Zimane mod\u00e9rrne serek\u00edyekan\u00ed ke le sh\u00e9wezare jorbejorekan\u00ed her\u00e9m\u00ed Apabhramsha zawin bir\u00edt\u00edn le Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi,Keshmiri, Konkani, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi,Rajastani, u Sindi . Ew zimanane le sall\u00ed 1000-\u00ed duway zay\u00ednewe destyan kird be serhe\u200cllh\u00e9nan u peyda b\u00fan, be dem berewp\u00e9sh c\u00fan yanewe,destyan kird be wushe xuwastinewe le Sanskrit u he\u200cr weha ziman\u00ed Fars\u00ed ( yek\u00e9k le zimanekan\u00ed silsilekan\u00ed musulman\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan). Ew zimananey Bak\u00far\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan \u00e9sta zimanan\u00ed serek\u00ed her\u00e9m\u00edn , u he\u200cr kam\u00e9kyan le layen cend\u00edn m\u00edlyon kesewe qiseyan p\u00e9 dekr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      Ziman\u00ed Nepal, ke xizm\u00e9k\u00ed niz\u00edk\u00ed ziman\u00ed Hindi ye, ziman\u00ed netewey\u00ed Nepal e. Bengali ziman\u00ed netewey\u00ed Bengalad\u00e9sh u he\u200cr weha ziman\u00ed Rojhaway Bengale le H\u00ednd\u00fastan. Ziman\u00ed Hindiy mod\u00e9rrin, ke le ser binemay lehjey Delh\u00ed hellnirawe bellam zor wushesh\u00ed le Sanskrit xuwast\u00fawetewe, ziman\u00ed zorbey xellke le H\u00ednd\u00fastan. Ziman\u00ed destexushik\u00ed Hindi, wate Urdu her heman r\u00e9ziman\u00ed heye bellam zor wushey le Fars\u00ed u ‘Erreb\u00edyewe xuwast\u00fawetewe. Urdu ziman\u00ed netewey\u00ed ye le Pakistan.<\/p>\n

      Zimane mod\u00e9rrne Hind u \u2013 Ar\u00edyay\u00edyekan jige le wushey xuwazrawe le Fars\u00ed u ‘Erreb\u00edyewe zor wusheshyan le ziman\u00ed Ingl\u00eds\u00ed u zimanan\u00ed d\u00edkey Urr\u00fapay\u00edyewe xuwast\u00fawetewe. Zimane mod\u00e9rrine serek\u00edyekan\u00ed ke le sh\u00e9wezare jorbejorekan\u00ed her\u00e9m\u00ed Apabhramsha kewt\u00fanetewe bir\u00edt\u00edn le Assamese, Bengal\u00ed, Gujarati, Hindi, Keshm\u00edr\u00ed, Marathi,Oriya, Punjabi, Rajastani, Urdu u Sindi.<\/p>\n

      \n

      \"\"

      Zimanekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastan<\/p><\/div>\n

      \n

      * Assamese<\/strong>, ziman\u00e9k\u00ed Hind u-Ar\u00edyay\u00ed u ziman\u00ed resm\u00edye le w\u00edlayet\u00ed (dwllet\u00ed) Assam. Assamese le Sedey 13-\u00ed zay\u00edn\u00ed bemllayewe ziman\u00e9k\u00ed edeb\u00ed p\u00e9sh xist\u00fawe.<\/p>\n

      * Bengali<\/strong>, yek le zimane serek\u00edyekan\u00ed binemalley zimanan\u00ed Hindu-Ar\u00edyay\u00ed u ziman\u00ed resm\u00edye le Rojhaway Bengall, niz\u00edkey 200 m\u00edlyon kes qisey p\u00e9deken, zorbey ewan \u00e9sta le Bengalad\u00e9sh wate Rojhhe\u200cllat\u00ed Pakistan\u00ed p\u00e9sh\u00fa dejh\u00edn. Em zimane \u00e9sta yek\u00e9k le here zimane p\u00e9shwec\u00fawekan\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastane.<\/p>\n

      * Gujarati<\/strong>, yek le zimanan\u00ed endam\u00ed binemalley Hindu-ariyay\u00ed u ziman\u00ed resm\u00ed w\u00edlayet\u00ed Gujarate. Le dewruber\u00ed sall\u00ed 1200 y duway zay\u00ednewe dest\u00ed p\u00e9kird bewey ke bib\u00e9 be ziman\u00e9k\u00ed serbexo.<\/p>\n

      * Hindi <\/strong>, le bar\u00ed jhimarey ax\u00e9weranewe gewretir\u00edn ziman\u00ed n\u00e9w binemalley zimanan\u00ed Hindu-Aryay\u00ed u ziman\u00ed resm\u00ed H\u00ednd\u00fastane. Le n\u00e9w lehjejorbejorekan\u00ed Hindi da, ew lehjeyey ke wek\u00fa Hindiy resm\u00ed hellbijh\u00e9rdirawe standard\u00ed Khariboli ye, ke be r\u00e9n\u00fas\u00ed Devanagar\u00ed den\u00fasr\u00e9. Hindi d\u00fa edeb\u00edyat\u00ed gewrey berhe\u200cm h\u00e9nawe, Urdu u H\u00ednd\u00edy (berz).<\/p>\n

      He\u200crd\u00fakyan ‘eyn\u00ed r\u00e9zimanyan heye u wushe binc\u00edney\u00edyekanyan wek yek waye. J\u00edyawaz\u00edyan le r\u00e9n\u00fas u dekar kirdin\u00ed wushey beriztir daye.Ziman\u00ed Urdu be xet\u00ed allugorrkiraw\u00ed Fars\u00ed u- ‘Erreb\u00ed den\u00fasr\u00e9 u bo n\u00fas\u00edn\u00ed Hindi xet\u00ed Nagari bekar deh\u00e9ndir\u00e9, sh\u00e9wezar\u00ed Hindi lay pesndtire wushey pet\u00ed Hindi bekar bih\u00e9n\u00e9, be p\u00e9cewane le Urdu da jhimareyek\u00ed zor wushey xuwazrawey Fars\u00ed u ‘Erreb\u00ed hen.<\/p>\n

      * Keshmiri<\/strong>, ziman\u00e9ke ser be destey binemalley Hindu-aryay\u00ed, zor jar be helle dekutr\u00e9 ke ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00ed b\u00e9 le Jam\u00fa & Keshmir. Le kat\u00e9kda le Jamu & Keshm\u00edr, Urdu ziman\u00ed dwillet\u00edye. Edeb\u00edyat\u00ed keshmiri degerr\u00e9tewe bo sallan\u00ed 1200\u00ed duway zay\u00edn. Be sh\u00e9weyek\u00ed r\u00e9jhey\u00ed ziman\u00e9k\u00ed p\u00e9shwec\u00fawe.<\/p>\n

      * Marathi<\/strong>, ser be zimanan\u00ed kolkey Hindu-Aryay\u00ed ye u le mellbend\u00ed Maharashtra ziman\u00ed resm\u00edye. Egerc\u00ed sh\u00e9wey edeb\u00ed ew zimane ten\u00e9 le sedey 13-\u00ed zay\u00ednewe dest p\u00e9deka, bellam hen\u00fake edeb\u00edyat\u00e9k\u00ed tewaw p\u00e9shwec\u00fay mod\u00e9rrin\u00ed heye.<\/p>\n

      * Oriya<\/strong>, ziman\u00ed ferm\u00ed eyalet\u00ed Orissa ye. Recellek\u00ed astekiraw\u00ed (tomarkiraw\u00ed) ziman\u00ed Oriya degerr\u00e9tewe Sedey Dehem\u00ed zay\u00edn\u00ed. Bellam kesayet\u00ed edeb\u00ed ew zimane ten\u00e9 le Sedey 14 hem bem layewe dest p\u00e9deka.<\/p>\n

      * Punjabi<\/strong>, yek le zimanan\u00ed ser be binemalley Hindu- aryay\u00ed, u ziman\u00ed resm\u00ed eyalet\u00ed Punjabe. Punjab legell eweshda ke ziman\u00e9k\u00ed le m\u00e9jh\u00edne ye, ten\u00e9 le Sedey Pazdehemewe b\u00fawe be ziman\u00e9k\u00ed edeb\u00ed. Em zimane be r\u00e9n\u00fas\u00ed Gurumukhi den\u00fasr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

      * Rajastan<\/strong>, lik\u00e9k e le kolkey zimanan\u00ed Hindu-Aryay\u00ed u ziman\u00ed resm\u00ed eyalet\u00ed Rajastane.<\/p>\n

      * Sindi<\/strong>, lik\u00e9k e le binemalley zimanan\u00ed Hindu- Ariyay\u00ed. Niz\u00edkey 16 m\u00edlyon kes qisey p\u00e9deken, ke lewane 6 m\u00edlyonyan le Sind (Pakistan), u ewan\u00ed d\u00edke zorbeyan le H\u00ednd\u00fastan dejh\u00edn. Bo n\u00fas\u00edn\u00ed ziman\u00ed Sindi le Pakistan elfup\u00e9tkey allugorrkiraw\u00ed Fars\u00ed u- ‘Erreb\u00ed dekar dekr\u00e9. U ax\u00e9weran\u00ed sindi le H\u00ednd\u00fastan bo n\u00fas\u00edn\u00ed zimanekeyan be sh\u00e9wey serek\u00ed r\u00e9n\u00fas\u00ed Devanagar bekar deh\u00e9nin.<\/p>\n

      * Urdu<\/strong>, ke ziman\u00ed dewllet\u00ed ye le Jamu & Keshm\u00edr, le H\u00ednd\u00fastan niz\u00edkey 20 m\u00edlyon kes qisey p\u00e9deken.<\/p>\n

      Sercawe: Mallperr\u00ed Indiansaga.info.com<\/p>\n

      –~–~–~–~–~–~–~–~
      \nT\u00e9b\u00edn\u00ed: em wutare le layen       w\u00e9bn\u00fas\u00ed\u00a0 Ruwange<\/a> ra h\u00e9nrawete ser elfub\u00e9y Yekgirt\u00fa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      N\u00fas\u00edn\u00ed mallperr\u00ed Indiansaga Werg\u00e9rran le Ingl\u00eds\u00edyewe: Hesen\u00e9 Qaz\u00ed Sh\u00e9we qarey H\u00ednd le jhimareyek komellgey j\u00edyawaz\u00ed ziman\u00ed p\u00e9k hat\u00fawe ke herkameyan le ziman u kolt\u00far\u00e9k\u00ed hawbeshda sher\u00edkin. [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":510,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-511","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/511\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}