{"id":329,"date":"2008-06-22T15:37:12","date_gmt":"2008-06-22T15:37:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/wp\/wordpress\/zimaneki-yekgirtuy-kurdi\/"},"modified":"2008-06-22T15:37:12","modified_gmt":"2008-06-22T15:37:12","slug":"zimaneki-yekgirtuy-kurdi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/?page_id=329","title":{"rendered":"Ziman\u00e9k\u00ed Yekgirt\u00fay Kurd\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"rtecenter\">Ziman&eacute;k&iacute; Yekgirt&uacute;y Kurd&iacute;, T&eacute;kishkandin u Hellweshandin&iacute; Pirrojhey Netewesaz&iacute; Kurd e<\/h3>\n<p> Behr&uacute;z&iacute; Shuja&#8217;&iacute;, Zankoy Dehok<br \/> <br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"rtecenter\">Ziman&eacute;k&iacute; Yekgirt&uacute;y Kurd&iacute;, T&eacute;kishkandin u Hellweshandin&iacute; Pirrojhey Netewesaz&iacute; Kurd e<\/h3>\n<p> Behr&uacute;z&iacute; Shuja&#8217;&iacute;, Zankoy Dehok<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" alignright size-full wp-image-328\" width=\"120\" vspace=\"8\" hspace=\"8\" height=\"156\" border=\"0\" align=\"right\" src=\"http:\/\/localhost\/wp\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2008\/06\/behruz_shojayi.png\" alt=\"\" \/> Le mawey rabird&uacute; da\u200c m&eacute;diyay Kurd&iacute; bote shah&iacute;d&iacute; gengeshe u dimeteqeyek&iacute; cirr ke le layen jhimareyek&iacute; bercaw le r&uacute;nakb&iacute;ran&iacute; Kurd, le layek be dijh u le layek&iacute; d&iacute;kewe bo layengir&iacute; le sazkirdin&iacute; &quot;ziman&eacute;k&iacute;&quot; yekgirt&ugrave;y&nbsp; Kurd&iacute; be rr&eacute;we dec&eacute;. Ew dimeteqeye ziyatir le ser d&uacute; sh&eacute;waz&iacute; ziman&iacute; Kurd&iacute;\u200c le Bash&uacute;r&iacute; Kurdistan, wate Kurd&iacute; Bak&uacute;r&iacute; u N&eacute;werrast raweste deka\u200c ke le ziman&iacute; asay&iacute; xellk&iacute; da be Bad&iacute;n&iacute;\/Kirmanj&iacute; u Soran&iacute; denasr&eacute;n. Her cende em sh&eacute;we n&eacute;wl&eacute;nane xellkiyane le j&eacute;y xoy da niye u j&eacute;gay sirinj u munaqshe ye\u200c.<\/p>\n<p> Ber lewey b&eacute;me ser ew pirse hestiyare, deb&eacute; wek&uacute; zimannas&eacute;k h&eacute;nd&eacute;k rast&iacute; le merr ziman&iacute; Kurd&iacute; be p&eacute;y qena&#8217;et&iacute; pisporr&iacute; xom r&uacute;n bikemewe. De n&eacute;w em demeteqe zimannasiyaney ke le n&eacute;w kurdan da, le ruwangey siyasiyewe be durust dadendr&eacute;n tenya bas le &quot;d&uacute; &ndash; s&eacute; &quot; sh&eacute;wezar&iacute; Kurd&iacute; dekir&eacute;. Bellam bo diyar&iacute;kirdin&iacute; cuwarc&eacute;wekan&iacute; em base p&eacute;w&iacute;ste &eacute;me sin&uacute;r&iacute; n&eacute;wan sh&eacute;wezar u ziman dest n&iacute;shan bikeyn.<\/p>\n<h3>Zarawe Yan Ziman<\/h3>\n<p>Be p&eacute;y boc&uacute;n&iacute; h&eacute;nd&eacute;k le zimannasan eger d&uacute; sh&eacute;waz&iacute; ziman&iacute;, d&uacute; layene le yekd&iacute; t&eacute;bigen, ew kate em d&uacute; sh&eacute;wezimane be sh&eacute;wezar dadendir&eacute;n. Le halet&iacute; p&eacute;cewane her kameyan wek ziman&iacute; serbexo p&eacute;nase dekir&eacute;n. Eme p&eacute;wer&iacute; her&iacute; pesindkiraw&iacute; le yek jw&eacute;kirdnewey sh&eacute;wezare le ziman. Bellam diyare ew pol&eacute;n kirdine b&eacute; k&eacute;she niye. Bo nim&uacute;ne Sw&eacute;d&iacute; u Norw&eacute;jh&iacute; her cende wek&uacute; d&uacute; ziman&iacute; jiyawaz dadendir&eacute;n bellam de naw xoyanda le yektir&iacute;sh t&eacute;degen. Le heman katda h&eacute;nd&eacute;k sh&eacute;wezar le nawcey Dalarna yan\u200c her&eacute;m&iacute; Jemtlend&iacute; willat&iacute; Sw&eacute;d hen ke be gover&iacute;\/jh&eacute;rzarawey ziman&iacute; Sw&eacute;d&iacute; dadendir&eacute;n egerc&iacute; de n&eacute;wan ew sh&eacute;wezarane u Sw&eacute;d&iacute; stendard da le yek t&eacute;geyshtin&iacute; d&uacute;layene niye. Be wateyek&iacute; d&iacute;ke eme hokare siyasiyekanin ke ber le p&eacute;were zimannasiyekan sin&uacute;r&iacute; n&eacute;wan sh&eacute;wezare u ziman diyar&iacute; deken. Zor jaran sh&eacute;waz&eacute;k be zarawe dadendr&eacute;, le ber ewey ke sh&eacute;weyek&iacute; edeb&iacute; niye, yan ax&eacute;weran&iacute; em sh&eacute;waze xawen dewllet&iacute; xoyan n&iacute;n\u200c, yan le ber ewey ke p&eacute;z u pir&eacute;st&iacute;jh&iacute; sh&eacute;wazeke le ziman&iacute; stendardkiraw kemtire. Be her hall em sh&eacute;wazey ke wek&uacute; ziman p&eacute;nase dekir&eacute; begisht&iacute; girdewekoy&iacute; kirawe, kerestey diyar&iacute;kiraw&iacute; p&eacute;drawe u be sh&eacute;weyek&iacute; dezgay&iacute; le layen dam u dezgay dewlletewe pisht&iacute;wan&iacute; l&eacute; dekir&eacute;.<\/p>\n<h4>Pol&eacute;nkirdin&iacute; Ziman&iacute; Kurd&iacute;<\/h4>\n<p>Be p&eacute;cewaney &quot;zimannas&iacute; kurd&quot;, zimannasan&iacute; rojhaway&iacute; kat&eacute;k le ser zima&iacute; Kurd&iacute; dedw&eacute;n, ziyatir bas&iacute; &quot;cend ziman&iacute; hawrr&iacute;she&quot; deken ta &quot; zarawa Kurdiyekan&quot;. H&eacute;nd&eacute;k lew zimannasane \u200c le pol&eacute;n kirdinekanyanda lewesh&iacute; t&eacute;deperr&eacute;nin. Bo w&eacute;ne Goran&iacute; ( le layen mek&eacute;nziyewe) u dmlk&iacute; (lelayen luduw&eacute;g pawlewe) be d&uacute; ziman&iacute; be tewaw&iacute; jiyawaz le kurd&iacute; p&eacute;nase dekir&eacute;n.<\/p>\n<p> Le parseng&iacute; n&eacute;wan ew d&uacute; jemsere t&iacute;jhperre da, wate ew kurdaney ke hem&uacute; zarawakan be ziman&eacute;k&iacute; taqane dezanin u zimannasan&iacute; b&iacute;ganey wek&uacute; MacKenzie u Luduwig Paul da , deb&eacute; le rast&iacute; wurd binewe u qeb&uacute;ll bikeyn ke Kurd&iacute; her n&eacute;w&iacute; take ziman&eacute;k niye bellk&uacute; n&eacute;w&iacute; gir&uacute;p&eacute;ke le zimanan, ke le ruwangey jh&eacute;n&eacute;t&iacute;kiyewe zor le yek niz&iacute;kn. Her s&eacute; sh&eacute;waz&iacute; Kurd&iacute; ke le ast&iacute; wushey&iacute;da le yek niz&iacute;kn, bir&iacute;t&iacute;n le Kurd&iacute; Bak&uacute;r ( Bot&iacute;, Bad&iacute;n&iacute;, Serhed&iacute;, Berfrat&iacute;, Diyarbekr&iacute;&#8230; u &iacute;d&iacute;ke), Kurd&iacute; Nawerrast ( Soran&iacute;, Erdellan&iacute;, Mukiryan&iacute;, Baban&iacute; ) u Kurd&iacute; Bash&uacute;r&iacute; ( Ilam&iacute;, Kirmashan&iacute;, Feyl&iacute; u &iacute;d&iacute;ke). L&eacute;re p&eacute;w&iacute;ste bigotir&eacute; ke Kurd&iacute; Bak&uacute;r&iacute; le buwar&iacute; r&eacute;ziman&iacute;da le her d&uacute; destekey d&iacute;ke jiyawaze, cunke n&iacute;gar&eacute;k&iacute; r&eacute;ziman&iacute; kon&iacute; heye. D&uacute; sh&eacute;wazekey d&iacute;ke, ke zor jar wek&uacute; yek zarawa p&eacute;nase dekir&eacute;n, wate Goran&iacute; (Hewram&iacute;, Bajellan&iacute;, Zengeney&iacute; u &iacute;d&iacute;ke) u D\u0131mlk&iacute; ( D&eacute;rs&iacute;m&iacute; , Pall&uacute;\/Cewlk&iacute;, S\u0131w&eacute;reg&iacute; u &iacute;d&iacute;ke) hercend&iacute; le bar&iacute; wusheyewe le yek n\u0131z&iacute;k&iacute;sh bin, le ber d&uacute;rkewtinewe u mewday jugirafiyayiyewe u herweha diraws&eacute;y&iacute;et&iacute; le gell ziman&iacute; d&iacute;ke le bar&iacute; r&eacute;zimaniyewe le yekitr&iacute; d&uacute;r kewt&uacute;netewe. Be kurt&iacute;, &eacute;sta p&eacute;nj sh&eacute;waz&iacute; ziman&iacute; Kurd&iacute; hen. Hem&uacute; sh&eacute;waze Kurdiyekan ser be gir&uacute;p&iacute; Bak&uacute;r&iacute; Rojhaway zimane &eacute;raniyekanin. Min p&eacute;m mentq&iacute;tire, ke le jiyat&iacute; zimane Kurdiyekan, t&eacute;rm&iacute;nolojh&iacute; yan destewajhey zimanewan&iacute; komelayet&iacute; (sociolinguistics) bekar b&eacute;n&iacute;n u bas&iacute; sh&eacute;waze axawtinekan&iacute; (speech variety) Kurd&iacute; bikeyn, boye eger le ruy em boc&uacute;newewe, p&eacute;nasey p&eacute;nj sh&eacute;wazeke bikeyn gunjawtire.<\/p>\n<h4>Durustkirdin&iacute; Ziman&iacute; Yekgirt&uacute;<\/h4>\n<p>H&eacute;nd&eacute;k r&uacute;nakb&iacute;r&iacute; ner&iacute;t&iacute; Kurd &iacute;d&iacute;&#8217;a deken ke deb&eacute; lem p&eacute;nj sh&eacute;wazane ziman&eacute;k&iacute; yekgirt&uacute; durust bikir&eacute;. Bo ewey ew kare bikir&eacute; d&uacute; r&eacute;ga le ber destane. Yekem eweye ke be p&eacute;y qan&uacute;ne dengsaziyekan u p&eacute;khatey morfolojh&iacute;k&iacute; Kurd&iacute; le cuwarc&eacute;wey ewey p&eacute;y&iacute; del&iacute;n zimannas&iacute; damezrandinewe (reconstiructon linguistics), le binawan ra &quot; proto &#8211; kurd&iacute;&quot; damezr&eacute;n&iacute;n. Wate furm yan pirotot&iacute;p&iacute; ziman&eacute;k&iacute; Kurd&iacute; damezr&eacute;n&iacute;n, ke h&eacute;shta beser sh&eacute;waz u zarawey jiyawaz da dabesh nekirawe. R&eacute;gay duwem eweye ke yek lem p&eacute;nj sh&eacute;wazaney ke hen, heta ast&iacute; ziman&eacute;k&iacute; netewey&iacute; berz bikir&eacute;tewe bo ewey bib&eacute;te ziman&eacute;k&iacute; sernawcey&iacute;\u200c (supralocal), wate ziman&eacute;k le serewey hem&uacute; sh&iacute;wazekan&iacute; d&iacute;ke. Girft&iacute; r&eacute;gay yekem eweye ke hellbjhardin&eacute;k&iacute; bem sh&eacute;weye, wate durustkirdinewey pirotot&iacute;p&iacute; Kurd&iacute;, deb&eacute;te hoy durust b&uacute;n&iacute; Kurdiyek&iacute; seyr u semere, ke zorbey here zor&iacute; Kurdan natwanin l&eacute;y t&eacute;bigen. Bed&iacute;l&iacute; duyem em r&eacute;gayeye, ke biz&uacute;tnewe nasyonal&iacute;stiyekan le gel&eacute;k willatan da helliyan bjharduwe<\/p>\n<h4>T&eacute;or&iacute; Ziman&iacute; Yekgirt&uacute; u Pirojhey Netewesaz&iacute;<\/h4>\n<p>wek Auwer dell&eacute; : &quot;de p&eacute;vajhoy netewe saz&iacute;da girdewekoy&iacute; u r&eacute;kp&eacute;dan&iacute; ziman&iacute; netewey&iacute; zor jaran nek be hengaw&eacute;k&iacute; gir&iacute;ng bellk&uacute; wek&uacute; hengaw&iacute; jeweer&iacute; temasha kirawe.&quot; Em boc&uacute;ne le p&eacute;vajhoy netewe saz&iacute; le gel&eacute;k willatanda serdest buwe, berr&eacute;we cuwe u be binaxey serek&iacute; damezrandin&iacute; dewllet &ndash; netewe dandrawe.<\/p>\n<p> T&eacute;or&iacute;siyen&iacute; lib&eacute;ral W&iacute;l K&iacute;ml&iacute;ka dell&eacute; &quot;dewllet &ndash; netewe&quot; le bar&iacute; cemkiyewe le ser binemay ziman&iacute; hawbesh buwe be p&eacute;nase u haw watay \u200c&quot;dewllet&quot;. Ew boc&uacute;ne nek teniya le gel boc&uacute;ne l&iacute;biraliyekan ke em babete le cuwarc&eacute;wey\u200c t&eacute;or&iacute; &eacute;konom&iacute;st&iacute; da tautw&eacute; deken n&iacute;z&iacute;kayet&iacute; heye, bellk&uacute; le gell ruwangey cepekan&iacute;sh ke le caw ewan da meseley nas&eacute;ne, wate huwiyet u p&eacute;nase be destellat&iacute; siyasiyewe bestirawetewe, yek degir&eacute;tewe. Eger &eacute;me le ber x&eacute;ratirb&uacute;n&iacute; be gerr kewtin u p&eacute;wend&iacute; u t&eacute;kellaw&iacute; n&eacute;wgir&uacute;pan bimanew&eacute; boc&uacute;n&eacute;k&iacute; ewto dabirr&eacute;jh&iacute;n ew kate dekew&iacute;ne hellw&eacute;st&eacute;k&iacute; as&iacute;m&iacute;liyas&iacute;n&iacute;st wate hem&uacute; shit&eacute;k de xomanda detw&eacute;n&iacute;newe. Eger pirrojhey dewllet- netewey mod&eacute;rrn le shikll&iacute; kilas&iacute;k&iacute; xoyda le ser binemay ziman&eacute;k dandirawe wek&uacute; nim&uacute;neyek bo pirrojhey netewe saz&iacute; Kurd&iacute; diyardeyek&iacute; t&eacute;kder u b&eacute; kelke, cunke deb&eacute; pirojhey netewesaz&iacute; Kurd le q&iacute;mmey post mod&eacute;rn&iacute;teda, binema serekiyekan&iacute; xoy le ser cemk&iacute; maf&iacute; mirov, pl&uacute;ral&iacute;zm u d&eacute;mokras&iacute; damezr&iacute;n&eacute;. \u200cEw kate ke pirojhey netewe-dewlet ser&iacute; hellda, santiral&iacute;te u nawendiyet&iacute; shw&eacute;n&iacute;k&iacute; beh&eacute;z&iacute; le cuwarc&eacute;wey cemk&iacute; dewletda heb&uacute; u le beramber da jemawer&iacute; xelk&iacute; tuwanay&iacute; wegerkewtin u bes&iacute;j&iacute; n&eacute;w-gir&uacute;piyan (intergiroup mobility) neb&uacute; ke dijh bem\u200c rewte rawestin. Bellam &eacute;sta wa niye, cunke be hoy geshesendin u berewep&eacute;shc&uacute;n&iacute; teknolojh&iacute;, tuwanay&iacute; wegerxistin u bes&iacute;j&iacute; n&eacute;w-gir&uacute;p&iacute; zor beh&eacute;ztire. Cemk&eacute;k&iacute; ewto wate durust kirdin&iacute; yek ziman u yek netewe ke le sercawey jacobenisti Feranseyewe aw dexuwatewe, hen&uacute;ke nek tenya le ast&iacute; hem&uacute; j&iacute;handa t&uacute;sh&iacute; k&eacute;she u girft&iacute; binaxey&iacute; hat&ugrave;we bellk&uacute;\u200c le rojhellat&iacute; n&eacute;werrast&iacute;sh wulamderewey rast&iacute; kultur&iacute; u komellayet&iacute; em nawceye niye. Le b&iacute;rman nec&eacute; ke &eacute;mey kurd ziyatir le her neteweyek&iacute; d&iacute;ke be ceng &eacute;sh u azar&iacute; akamekan&iacute; em cemkewe nalland&uacute;mane u denall&eacute;n&iacute;n. Her hewl&eacute;k&iacute; centripetal (nawend&iacute;kirdin&iacute;) yekxistin&iacute; ziman, akam&iacute; p&eacute;cewaney deb&eacute;, cunke xelk le ast pirojhey be merkezewe bestinda hem&iacute;she wek&uacute; dijhkirdewe d&iacute;nam&iacute;zm&eacute;k&iacute; centrifugal wate hellatin le merkez le xoyan n&iacute;shan deden.<\/p>\n<p> Berizkirdinewey yek&eacute;k le sh&eacute;wazekan derenjam&eacute;k&iacute; n&eacute;gat&iacute;v&iacute; tir&iacute; siyas&iacute;-komellayet&iacute; u tenanet qan&uacute;n&iacute;sh&iacute; l&eacute;dekew&eacute;tewe. Wek komellnas&iacute; feransey&iacute;, ke ziman&iacute; standard yaxud ziman&iacute; yekgirt&uacute; be ziman&iacute; rewa (langue l&eacute;gitime) n&eacute;wzed deka, wate ziman&eacute;k ke xawen&iacute; pisht&iacute;wan&iacute; qan&uacute;n&iacute; b&eacute;, le xoy da be sh&iacute;waz&eacute;k&iacute; otomat&iacute;k sh&eacute;wazekan&iacute; tir&iacute; ziman narrewa leqelem deda u peraw&eacute;zyan deka. Cunke sercawey meshr&uacute;&#8217;iyet her deb&eacute;te ziman&iacute; standard her boyesh her hewl&eacute;k bo berizkirdinewey sh&eacute;wazekan&iacute; tir deb&eacute;te nameshr&uacute;&#8217; u deb&eacute; be p&eacute;y&iacute; cemk&iacute; nawendxuwaz&iacute; wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; siyas&iacute; desellat bicews&eacute;ndir&eacute;tewe.<\/p>\n<h4>Ziman u Perwerde<\/h4>\n<p>Be p&eacute;y p&eacute;nasekirdin&iacute; Basil Bernstein, d&uacute; sh&eacute;waz&iacute; dirkand&iacute; ziman heye, kod&iacute; sin&uacute;rkiraw u kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewt&uacute;. Ziman&iacute; kod&iacute; sin&uacute;rkiraw ew zimaneye, ke &eacute;me bo danustandin&iacute; rojhane u naferm&iacute; bekar deh&eacute;n&iacute;n. Ew&iacute; p&eacute;shkewt&uacute; ziman&iacute; buwar&iacute; gisht&iacute; u fermiye u be zem&iacute;ne yan kont&eacute;kstewe bestirawetewe. Ziman&iacute; f&eacute;rge u zankosh kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewtuwe. Be ner&iacute;t&iacute;sh gir&uacute;p&iacute; serdest ziyatir kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewtuy ziman bekar deh&eacute;nin. Ziman&iacute; n&uacute;s&iacute;n&iacute; be hoy contextual b&uacute;n u ast&iacute; berz&iacute; abstraction y dekew&eacute;te xaney ziman&iacute; kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewt&uacute;\u200c. Be boc&uacute;n&iacute; Bernstein tuwanay&iacute; axawtin&iacute; mindal kar&iacute;ger&iacute; rastewxoy heye leser tuwanay&iacute; wergirtin u t&eacute;geyshtin&iacute; (cognitive) ew. Boye ew mindalley xawen&iacute; kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewtuy ziman b&eacute; , tuwanay&iacute; derbirr&iacute;n&iacute; b&iacute;r u hest u ta u tw&eacute;kirdin&iacute; nawxoy&iacute; hizrekan&iacute; bashtire, tenanet tuwanay&iacute; bashtir&iacute;sh&iacute; heye ke bituwan&eacute; axawtin, hizr&iacute; abstract u t&eacute;oriyekan&iacute; ta u tw&eacute; bika. Bellam serinj biden, kat&eacute;k ke mindal&eacute;k le pirrrra bic&eacute;te xw&eacute;ndinge u\u200c be sh&eacute;waz&eacute;k&iacute; tir, ke leser binaxey kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewtuy sh&eacute;wezar&eacute;k&iacute; tir dar&eacute;jhrawe perwerde bib&eacute;, b&eacute; ewey zem&iacute;ney le qalb&iacute; kod&iacute; sn&uacute;rkiraw da heb&eacute;, natwan&eacute; be radey ewaney ke kod&iacute; sn&uacute;rkiraw u p&eacute;shkewtuwiyan gir&eacute;draw&iacute; yek sh&eacute;we u yek zimanin, serkewt&uacute; b&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p> Min wek&uacute; mamosta le zankoy Dehok, xw&eacute;ndkar&iacute; Bad&iacute;n&iacute; u Soran&iacute;shim heye. Hercende babeteke be gisht&iacute; be Bad&iacute;n&iacute; sh&iacute; dekemewe, bellam ewaney ke le nawcekan&iacute; Sorani ax&eacute;w ra hat&uacute;n, asantir sh&iacute;kariyekanim werdegirn, cunke ast&iacute; hizr&iacute; abstruct yan beriztire. Le qutabixane da mejb&uacute;r n&iacute;n shitekan le ber biken, cunke t&eacute;degen. Ewey Bad&iacute;n&iacute; b&eacute;t, deb&eacute; babete zanstiyekan, tenanet komellayetiyekan&iacute;sh le ber bika, b&eacute; ewey l&eacute;y t&eacute;biga. Bo nim&uacute;ne r&eacute;jhey serkewtin&iacute; xw&eacute;ndkar, be p&eacute;y ber&eacute;weberayet&iacute; perwerdey Dehok, le seda 38e, ew&iacute;sh duway dewrey duwem, le kat&eacute;k da heman r&eacute;jhe le Hewl&eacute;r 49 u le Sil&eacute;man&iacute; 51e. Em amare sers&uacute;rrh&eacute;nerane, cunke akamek&iacute; rastewxoy em diyardeye ke le serewe da basim kird rastewxo\u200c deb&eacute;te hoy p&eacute;khatin&iacute; naberaber&iacute; u nayeksan&iacute; komellayet&iacute; (social uneven recruitment). P&eacute;w&iacute;ste bizan&iacute;n ke em na&#8217;edaletiye le naw s&iacute;stem&iacute; xw&eacute;ndin le Kurdistan da her le qonax&iacute; seretay&iacute;yewe dest p&eacute; deka. Eme legel xoy da r&eacute;jhey nw&eacute;nerayet&iacute; kirdin le buwarekan&iacute; abor&iacute;, ber&eacute;weberayet&iacute; u tenanet deselat da nayeksan u naberaber deka. Lem peywendiye da nayeksan&iacute; u naberaber&iacute; komellayet&iacute; u c&iacute;nayet&iacute; reng&iacute; &eacute;tin&iacute;k u ziman&iacute; be xoyewe degir&eacute;. Naberaberb&uacute;n&iacute; r&eacute;jhey nw&eacute;nerayet&iacute; kemayet&iacute; d&eacute;mokras&iacute; u b&eacute;guman p&eacute;sh&eacute;lkirnd&iacute; maf&iacute; mirov&iacute;sh&iacute; legel daye.<\/p>\n<p> Eger mirov be caw&eacute;k&iacute; b&eacute; layen biruwan&eacute;te waq&#8217;&iacute; Kurdan, ew k&eacute;sheye ewendey tir&iacute;sh alloztir denw&eacute;n&eacute;\u200c. Lan&iacute; kem cunke emro kem u zor hem&uacute; sh&eacute;waze Kurdiyekan shikll&iacute; edeb&iacute;yan heye u her boyesh ax&eacute;weran&iacute; hem&uacute; sh&eacute;wazekan dawxuwaz&iacute; ziman&iacute;yan heye ke le xoy da<\/p>\n<p> dawxuwaz&eacute;k&iacute; rewaye. Wek&uacute; p&eacute;shtir&iacute;sh bas kira heb&uacute;n&iacute; tuwanay&iacute; bizaw u wegerxistin&iacute; n&eacute;wgir&ugrave;p&iacute; (intergroup mobility) ax&eacute;weran&iacute; sh&eacute;wazekan, ew dawxuwaz&iacute;ane ewendey d&iacute;kesh beh&eacute;ztir u r&uacute;ntir deka. Tenanet h&eacute;nd&eacute;k komelga\u200cy axawtin&iacute; kurd&iacute;, bo w&eacute;ne ax&eacute;weran&iacute; Dimilk&iacute;, dawxuwaz&iacute; ziman&iacute; xoyan ewende \u200cp&eacute;sh xist&ugrave;we ke h&eacute;nd&eacute;kyan xoyan wek&uacute; gir&uacute;p&eacute;k&iacute; xeyr&iacute; &ndash; Kurd p&eacute;nase deken, ke le ast&iacute; siyaset da xoy le shikll u heybet&iacute; nasyonal&iacute;zm&iacute; zaza da der dexa. Herweha Hewram&iacute;,Goran dawxuwaz&iacute; otonom&iacute;an &ndash; be boc&uacute;n&iacute; min ew&iacute;sh rewa &ndash; le huk&uacute;met&iacute; Her&eacute;m&iacute; Kurdistan kird&ugrave;we. Le ber z&eacute;hniyet&iacute; serdest&iacute; paranoy&iacute; u dirrdong b&uacute;n, her ceshne dawxuwaz&iacute;k&iacute; ziman&iacute; ke le layen ax&eacute;weran&iacute; sh&eacute;waze xeyre serdestekan d&iacute;te arawe be gelekomey b&eacute;gane u dujhminan le qellem dedr&eacute;. Eme her be manay heman hellw&eacute;ste ke Tirkekan le beramber Kurdan da heyane. Rast&iacute; eweye ke p&eacute;wend&iacute; u t&eacute;kellaw&iacute; n&eacute;w-gir&uacute;p&iacute; le mod&eacute;rn&iacute;te da cemk&iacute; gir&uacute;pe &eacute;tin&iacute;k&iacute; , her&eacute;m&iacute; u neteweyekan&iacute; berfirawantir kirduwe.<\/p>\n<h4>Akam&iacute; Durustkirdin&iacute; ziman&iacute; &quot;Yekgirt&uacute;&quot;<\/h4>\n<p>Le r&eacute;baz&iacute; goya sazkirdin&iacute; ziman&iacute; yekgirt&uacute; da, &eacute;me desteyek ziman&iacute; atirof&iacute; wate kizollke u lawaz, u ziman&eacute;k&iacute; supralokal &iacute; serdest durust dekeyn. Wek&uacute; p&eacute;shtir basm kird, destey kizollke u lawaz le ber tuwanay&iacute; bizaw u bes&iacute;j&iacute; n&eacute;wgir&uacute;p&iacute;, xoy le beramber ziman&iacute; serdest da- ke be mebest&iacute; ewey bikr&eacute;te ziman&eacute;k&iacute; netewey&iacute; ferm&iacute; serdest kirawe -\u200c kardanewe n&iacute;shan deda u milkec&iacute; nab&eacute; . Le ber ewey\u200c durust kirdin&iacute; ziman&eacute;k&iacute; netewey&iacute;, ke leser binc&iacute;ney zarawayek p&eacute;kd&eacute;, deb&eacute;te hoy deperaw&eacute;z haw&iacute;shtin&iacute; sh&eacute;wazekan&iacute; d&iacute;ke. L&eacute;reda deste yan gir&uacute;p&iacute; peraw&eacute;zkiraw le komellga da t&uacute;sh&iacute; namoy&iacute; deb&eacute;. Hoy namob&uacute;n&iacute; wek&uacute; p&eacute;shtir&iacute;sh basim kird deger&eacute;tewe ser heb&uacute;n&iacute; derfet&iacute; beshdar&iacute; komellayet&iacute; (yaxud r&eacute;genedan be beshdar&iacute; komellayet&iacute;) u ast&iacute; nw&eacute;nerayet&iacute; be p&eacute;y&iacute; nas&eacute;nekey xoy. Wate eger Bad&iacute;n&iacute; b&eacute; deb&eacute; be nas&eacute;ney Bad&iacute;n&iacute; u eger Soran b&eacute; deb&eacute; be nas&eacute;ney Soran&iacute; xoy u zimanekey le komellgada beshdar&iacute; bika. Nim&uacute;ney p&eacute;cewanekey Turkiyaye, ke Kurd detuwan&eacute; be nas&eacute;ney Turkayet&iacute; bib&eacute;te serok komar&iacute;sh, le hal&eacute;kda hem&uacute; layenekan&iacute; nas&eacute;ney Kurd&iacute; &ndash; nas&eacute;ney ziman&iacute;sh&iacute; legel da &ndash; kir&iacute;m&iacute;nal&iacute;ze \u200ckirawe, wate lameshr&uacute;&#8217; kirawe u tenanet b&ugrave;wete\u200c hoy lenawbirdin&iacute; f&iacute;z&iacute;k&iacute;sh&iacute;. D&uacute;r niye ew hest&iacute;\u200c namob&uacute;ne le Kurdistan&iacute;sh da le ber sepandin&iacute; sh&eacute;waz&eacute;k be ser sh&iacute;wazekan&iacute; d&iacute;ke da r&uacute;bida, cunke dabirran le n&eacute;wan kod&iacute; sin&uacute;rdar u kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewtuy ziman le akamda peraw&eacute;zkirdin&iacute; gir&uacute;p&eacute;k&iacute; ziman&iacute; legell xoy d&eacute;n&eacute;. Namob&uacute;neke herweha deb&eacute;te sercawey redd f&iacute;&#8217;l&iacute; komellgay axawtin (speech community), ke hest deka mafe bineretiyekan&iacute; &ndash; lewane maf&iacute; zimaniyekey- p&eacute;sh&eacute;l kirawe. Dijhkirdeweke deb&eacute;te hoy berxodan le dijh&iacute; wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; nawendxuwaz&iacute; u homojh&eacute;n&iacute;st&iacute; (tekform ya tekreng kirdinewe) deselat&iacute; siyas&iacute;, ke meshr&uacute;&#8217;iyet&iacute; xoy le c&iacute;n&iacute; serdest wergirt&ugrave;we\u061b wate ew c&iacute;ney ke zimanekey ziman&iacute; kod&iacute; p&eacute;shkewt&ugrave;we. Be p&eacute;y em wutarb&eacute;jhiye her hewl&eacute;k&iacute; centrifugal[ le nawend tere b&uacute;] bo dab&iacute;nkirdin&iacute; maf&iacute; ziman&iacute; gir&uacute;p&iacute; perraw&eacute;zkiraw wek&uacute; hewl&eacute;k bo t&eacute;kdan&iacute; yek&eacute;t&iacute; netewey&iacute; u tenanet dijh&iacute; asayish&iacute; netewey&iacute; le qelem dedr&eacute;. l&eacute;re da p&eacute;w&iacute;st deb&iacute;nim bas&iacute; koboneweyek le Perleman&iacute; Kurdistan da bikem.<\/p>\n<p> Kom&iacute;syon&iacute; Perwerdey Enjumen&iacute; N&iacute;shtiman&iacute; Kurdistan bangh&eacute;sht&iacute; cend pispor&iacute; buwar&iacute; ziman&iacute; kirdib&uacute;, yek lewane min ke legel d&uacute; birader le Dehok ra l&eacute;yan g&eacute;rrab&ugrave;ynewe . Baseke le ser dest&uacute;r&iacute; akad&eacute;m&iacute; Kurdistan b&uacute;. Min d&uacute; t&eacute;b&iacute;n&iacute;m leser dest&uacute;r heb&uacute;, yek&eacute;k ke ew bendey bas&iacute; resenayet&iacute; ziman&iacute; kurd&iacute; deka, la bidr&eacute;, cunke werg&eacute;ran&iacute; rastewxoy dest&uacute;r&iacute; Mejm&#8217;i &#8216;lm&iacute; &#8216;&eacute;raq b&uacute;, ke bas&iacute; selamet&iacute; ziman&iacute; &#8216;ereb&iacute; dekird. Min herweha em boc&uacute;nem \u200cp&eacute; b&uacute;cun&eacute;k&iacute; &eacute;s&eacute;nsiyal&iacute;st&iacute; wate jewheriyane b&uacute;. Cunke l&eacute;re da pirsyar eweye ke t&eacute;kellb&uacute;n&iacute; ziman be hoy jiyawaz diyardeyek&iacute; surushtiye u ewe k&eacute; ye destin&iacute;shan&iacute; deka ci ziman&eacute;k resene u ci ziman&eacute;k resen niye? bend&eacute;k&iacute; d&iacute;ke ke le dest&uacute;rda hatb&uacute; bas&iacute; xebat bo durustkirdin&iacute; ziman&iacute; yekgirt&ugrave;y Kurd&iacute; dekird ke min be p&eacute;y em hoyaney ke l&eacute;re da bas dekir&eacute;n p&eacute;m durust neb&uacute;. Serok&iacute; kom&iacute;syoneke, be hawdeng&iacute; legel beshdaran&iacute; tir, gut&iacute; eme emr&iacute; serok&iacute; her&eacute;me u serok&iacute; her&eacute;m ziman&iacute; yekgirt&ugrave;y Kurd&iacute; wek&uacute; emn&iacute; qewm&iacute; deb&iacute;n&eacute;. Be herhall min legel ewem ke ziman&iacute; Kurd&iacute; p&eacute;wend&iacute; tewaw&iacute; heye be emn&iacute; qewmiyewe, bellam be p&eacute;cewaney em ber&eacute;zane, min p&eacute;m waye durustb&uacute;nekey metirs&iacute; heye bo ser emn&iacute; qewm&iacute;. Cunke eger komellgay axawtin&iacute; peraw&eacute;zkiraw mafe zimaniyekan&iacute; dab&iacute;n nekir&eacute; u tenanet le ber xuwaste rewakan&iacute; bicews&eacute;ndir&eacute;tewe, ew kate &eacute;me dekew&iacute;ne qonax&eacute;k&iacute; tir, ke t&eacute;yda gir&uacute;pe perraw&eacute;zkiraweke, namob&ugrave;weke yan cews&eacute;ndiraweke hest&iacute; jiyawaz&iacute;xuwaz&iacute; le la durust deb&eacute; wate: perraw&eacute;zkiran &gt; namob&uacute;n &gt; berxodan &gt; cewsanewe &gt; judaxuwaz&iacute; &gt; dabirran.<\/p>\n<p> Be wateyek&iacute; d&iacute;ke ew wuze u d&iacute;nam&iacute;zmey ke &eacute;mey Kurd&iacute; le beramber &quot; ewan&iacute;d&iacute;&quot; da wegerxst&ugrave;we, em jareyan deb&eacute;te wuze u d&iacute;nam&iacute;zm&eacute;k ke &eacute;me be dest&iacute; xoman de n&eacute;w xoshmanda le beramber yekitr&iacute; da bekar&iacute; d&eacute;n&iacute;n. Legell eweshda, jiyawaz&iacute;xuwaz&iacute; ( bo nim&ugrave;ne jiyawaz&iacute;xuwaz&iacute; Zaza u Goranan) beqed wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; tuw&eacute;nerewey tetb&iacute;q kirdin&iacute; ziman&eacute;k&iacute; netewey&iacute; yekgirt&uacute;, ke &eacute;me hell&iacute;debjh&eacute;r&iacute;n, gir&iacute;ng niye. Be recaw kirdin u hellbjhardin&iacute; ew wutarb&eacute;jhiye &eacute;me heman bella beser xoman d&eacute;n&iacute;n ke tak&uacute; &eacute;sta dujhminan&iacute; &eacute;me be ser &eacute;meyan h&eacute;nawe.<\/p>\n<h4>Kam R&eacute;ga Bashe?<\/h4>\n<p>Be buc&uacute;n&iacute; min bo xoladan u xobuwardin lem metirsiye r&eacute;ge careyek&iacute; n&eacute;wnj&iacute; heye. Lem r&eacute;baze da b&eacute; ewey\u200c &eacute;me hest&iacute; kesan&iacute; layengir&iacute; yekparcey&iacute; u yekgirtin&iacute; ziman&iacute; buwrujh&eacute;n&iacute;n u bir&iacute;ndar&iacute; keyn, detuwan&iacute;n be recaw kirdin&iacute; wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; ziman&iacute; d&eacute;mokirat&iacute;k, wate fire nawend&eacute;t&iacute; ziman&iacute; (pluricenterism) k&eacute;shekan belada bixeyn. Firenawend&eacute;t&iacute; ziman&iacute; wate ziman&eacute;k ke cend&iacute;n stendard&iacute; heb&eacute;. U ke hem&uacute; sh&eacute;wazekan&iacute; Kurd&iacute; be &quot;ziman&iacute; kurd&iacute;&quot; bizan&eacute;. Be recaw kirdin&iacute; wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; fire nawend&eacute;t&iacute; ziman&iacute; u piyade kirdin&iacute; &eacute;me detuwan&eacute;n hem fireceshin&iacute; u plural&iacute;zm&iacute; ziman&iacute; bipar&eacute;z&iacute;n u hem detuwan&iacute;n ew neteweye be yekgirt&ugrave;y&iacute; rabigir&iacute;n. Kurt u kirmanj&iacute;, ba her p&eacute;nj sh&eacute;waze &quot; kurdiyekan be resm&iacute; wek&uacute; sh&eacute;waz&iacute; netewey&iacute; Kurd&iacute; didanyan p&eacute;da bih&eacute;ndr&eacute; u be resm&iacute; binasr&eacute;n.<\/p>\n<p> H&eacute;nd&eacute;k kes lewaneye &iacute;d&iacute;&#8217;a biken be b&eacute; ziman&eacute;k&iacute; hawbesh &eacute;me con dekir&eacute; pol&iacute;tiyek&iacute; (bedeney siyas&iacute; polity:) hawbesh wate &quot; Kurdistan&quot; man heb&eacute;. Raste netewe deb&eacute; bituwan&eacute; be ziman&eacute;k legell yekd&iacute; dan u standin&iacute; heb&eacute; u bo ew mebestesh\u200c deb&eacute; bituwan&iacute;n best&eacute;n&eacute;k&iacute; p&eacute;wend&iacute; hawbesh saz bikeyn u herweha wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; u x&iacute;tab&eacute;k&iacute; hawbeshman bo shikillp&eacute;dan&iacute; pol&iacute;tiyek&iacute; hawbesh wate &quot; Kurdistan&quot; heb&eacute;. W&iacute;st u deretan&iacute; beshdar&iacute; le wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; gisht&iacute; da d&uacute; binemay serek&iacute; hawwilat&eacute;t&iacute; d&eacute;mokirat&iacute;kn. Bellam ew k&eacute;sheye deb&eacute; le s&iacute;stim&iacute; perwerde da careser bikir&eacute;. Wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; fire nawend&eacute;t&iacute; ziman&iacute; dekir&eacute; lew s&iacute;steme da bipar&eacute;zdr&eacute;. &Eacute;me deb&eacute; be<\/p>\n<p> gij&iacute; &iacute;nh&iacute;sar u monopol&iacute; ziman&eacute;k da bic&iacute;n u be dijh&iacute; t&eacute;bikosh&iacute;n u lejiyat&iacute; ewe le wullat&iacute; xoman &ndash; wek siyaset , ke t&eacute;yda hawwillat&eacute;t&iacute; be manay heb&uacute;n&iacute; cend&iacute;n nas&eacute;ney ziman&iacute; u b&uacute;n&iacute; w&iacute;st u tuwanay hem&uacute; kes bo beshdar&iacute; le wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; gisht&iacute; daye &#8211; fireziman&iacute; han bideyn.<\/p>\n<p> Fireziman&iacute; take kes&iacute; (individual polyglossia)) &#8211; gel&eacute;k le Kurdan fire zimanin &#8211; p&eacute;shmerj&eacute;k&iacute; gir&iacute;nge bo geshesendin&iacute; nas&eacute;ney Kurdistan&eacute;t&iacute;, ba ew firezimaniye bib&eacute;te diyardeyek&iacute; n&eacute;w Kurd&iacute;. L&eacute;re da boye deb&eacute; xw&eacute;ndingey Kurdistan&iacute; bo yekang&iacute;rkirdin&iacute; nas&eacute;ney t&eacute;kellaw&iacute; ziman&iacute; dabimezr&eacute;ndr&eacute;n b&eacute; ewey bibin be dezgay tuwandinewe u as&iacute;m&iacute;las&iacute;on&iacute; Kurdan be dest&iacute; kurdan.<\/p>\n<p> Herweha l&eacute;reda be p&eacute;w&iacute;st dezanim dewr&iacute; roshinb&iacute;r u deselat&iacute; siyas&iacute; Kurdistan le darrijhtin&iacute; k&eacute;shey ziman da sh&iacute; bikemewe. Le serdem&iacute; r&eacute;n&eacute;sansewe ta &eacute;sta ewey ke dewr&iacute; heb&ugrave;we le gorankar&iacute; bineret&iacute; le komellgada, zan&iacute;n, te&#8217;ehud u welay r&uacute;nakb&iacute;r b&ugrave;we ke le buware jorbejorekan da b&uacute;nete hoy bed&iacute;hatin&iacute; r&eacute;form&iacute;\u200c komellayet&iacute;\u200c. Bellam le heman kat p&eacute;w&iacute;ste bizan&iacute;n ke her rewshenb&iacute;r&eacute;k natuwanr&eacute; wek&iacute; berpirs&iacute; ragir&iacute; komellayet&iacute; leqelem bidr&eacute;. Bo nim&uacute;ne k&eacute;shey Dereyfus u hellw&eacute;st&iacute; r&uacute;nakb&iacute;ran&iacute; d&iacute;key Rojhaway&iacute; le beramber&iacute; deselat le serdem&iacute; xoyan da hem&iacute;she le p&eacute;naw&iacute; parastin&iacute; maf&iacute; mirov u &#8216;edalet da b&ugrave;we. R&uacute;nakb&iacute;ran&iacute; Kurd le Bash&uacute;r bew hellw&eacute;stey em duwayiyey xoyan, le &iacute;l&iacute;beral&iacute;te da deselelatiyan t&eacute;per kird. Rme jor&eacute; &iacute;or&iacute; u te&#8217;ne ye bo cemk&iacute; nas&iacute;onal&iacute;zm&iacute; Kurd&iacute;, ke ronakb&iacute;r dawa le desellat bika &ndash; tenanet rexiney tund&iacute;sh&iacute; l&eacute; degir&eacute; &ndash; bo ewey deselat le dest&iacute; gir&uacute;p&eacute;k&iacute; diyar&iacute;kiraw da qebze bikir&eacute; u tenanet bo ewey deselat her c&iacute; z&uacute;tir be kelik wergirtin le amraz&iacute; ziman santiral&iacute;ze bikir&eacute;. Sernjrak&eacute;sh\u200c eweye, ke deselat&iacute; siyas&iacute;sh le ser heman not dedw&eacute;. Le kob&uacute;neweyek da ke sall&iacute; par legell roshinb&iacute;ran&iacute; shar&iacute; Dehok kira, min boc&uacute;n&eacute;km arastey serok&iacute; her&eacute;m kird u t&eacute;y da jextim kirdewe ke cunke k&eacute;shey ziman be maf u d&eacute;mokrasiyewe gir&eacute;dirawe boye &eacute;me deb&eacute; x&iacute;tabey fire nawnd&eacute;t&iacute; helbjh&eacute;r&iacute;n bo parastin&iacute; yekgirt&ugrave;y&iacute; netewey&iacute; u p&eacute;kewebestiraw b&uacute;n&iacute; xelk&iacute; Kurd her cend ber&eacute;zyan le wullam da gutyan ke meseley ziman&iacute; &#8216;&iacute;laqiyek&iacute; be zimanewe niye u emn&iacute; qewm&iacute; &eacute;me ye u wek&uacute; m&iacute;lletan&iacute; d&iacute;ke le nawcekeda deb&eacute; &eacute;mesh ziman&iacute; yekgirt&uacute;man heb&eacute;. Boc&uacute;n&iacute; deselat&iacute; siyas&iacute; u biz&uacute;tnewey rewshenb&iacute;r&iacute; le Kurdistan da (be taybet le Bash&uacute;r&iacute; Kurdistan) derbirr&iacute; yek w&iacute;stin\u061b jiyawaziyekey tenya emeye ke rewshenb&iacute;reke dawa deka ew w&iacute;ste nad&eacute;mokrat&iacute;ke z&uacute;tir j&eacute; be j&eacute; b&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p> Ziman helgir&iacute; nawerok&iacute; kult&uacute;r&iacute; ye, eger sh&eacute;waz&iacute; ziman&iacute; bixir&eacute;te peraw&eacute;z u marijh&iacute;nal bikir&iacute; kult&uacute;rekesh der\u200cfet&iacute; jhiyanewe u b&uacute;jhanewey nam&eacute;n&eacute;. Rme j&eacute;nosayd&iacute; kult&uacute;r&iacute; ye, eme mon&iacute;sm (yekform kirdin) &iacute; kult&uacute;r&iacute; ye\u061b le hal&eacute;kda dunya berew pl&uacute;ral&iacute;zm&iacute; kult&uacute;r&iacute; dec&eacute;. Wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; ziman&iacute; p&eacute;wend&iacute; rastewxoy be sh&eacute;waz&iacute; peresendini&iacute; nasyonal&iacute;zm&iacute; Kurdewe (kurdayet&iacute;) heye. D&uacute; r&eacute;gaman le p&eacute;she, yan nim&uacute;ney j&iacute;ranekan d&uacute;bare dekeynewe, wate wek&uacute; ew biradere rewshenb&iacute;raney Kurd be &#8216;ebay &#8216;r&uacute;bewe (nas&iacute;onal&iacute;zm&iacute; &#8216;ereb) kurdayet&iacute; dekeyn u wek&uacute; &#8216;ereb&iacute;sh layezal parce parce , namod&eacute;rn u shim&uacute;l&iacute; dem&eacute;n&iacute;newe u ke &iacute;ntaj&iacute; f&iacute;kir&iacute;shman nab&eacute;te yek le sed&iacute; welat&eacute;k&iacute; wek&uacute; Spaniya yan ewey r&eacute;gayek heldebjh&iacute;r&iacute;n ke berew geshe kirdin u d&eacute;mokiras&iacute;man deba. Be herhal be p&eacute;cewaney wutarb&eacute;jh&iacute; resm&iacute;, min demew&eacute; be serahet bill&eacute;m ew d&uacute;rr&ugrave;y&iacute; u d&eacute;magojhiye dijhe&#8217;erebiye, em heste le lay mirov durust deka ke her dell&eacute;y&iacute; le naw roshinb&iacute;r&iacute; Kurd le Bash&uacute;r da &#8216;ereb u ferhengekey efzel deb&iacute;nr&eacute;. Dena boc&iacute; deb&eacute; bo em wutarb&eacute;jhiye zimaniye ke zur&iacute;sh nad&eacute;mokirat&iacute;ke le nas&iacute;yonal&iacute;zm&iacute; &#8216;ereb u &#8216;r&uacute;be kod-kop&iacute; bikir&eacute;? besh&iacute; gewrey peresendin&iacute; d&eacute;mokras&iacute;, pl&uacute;ral&iacute;zm u tol&eacute;rans u musamehe sercawe le me&#8217;r&iacute;fe u zanist werdegir&eacute;. Wek&uacute; dezan&iacute;n jhimarey ew pert&uacute;kaney terjumey &#8216;ereb&iacute; dekir&eacute; nagate r&eacute;jhey ew kit&eacute;baney bo ziman&iacute; L&iacute;twan&iacute; terjume dekir&eacute;n. Eme le kat&eacute;kdaye ke nuf&uacute;s&iacute; &#8216;ereb 200 m&iacute;l&iacute;on &iacute;nsan t&eacute;per deka u nuf&uacute;s&iacute; wullat&iacute; L&iacute;twan&iacute; ke duway\u200c hellweshan&iacute; Soviyet jiya b&ugrave;wetewe, p&eacute;nj m&iacute;l&iacute;on&iacute;sh t&eacute;per naka. Yek&eacute;k le gewretir&iacute;n mu&#8217;zelat&iacute; komellgay Kurdistan neb&uacute;n&iacute; me&#8217;r&iacute;fey zanist&iacute; &iacute;nsaniye. Her boyesh seyr niye, ke deb&iacute;n&iacute;n deselat&iacute; siyas&iacute; x&iacute;tabeyek&iacute; a\u200cwa nad&eacute;mokrat&iacute;k heldebjh&eacute;r&eacute;. L&eacute;re da be daxewe destelat&iacute; siyas&iacute; zanist\u200c u me&#8217;r&iacute;fe lew rewshenb&iacute;rane werdegir&eacute;, ke ewan&iacute;sh be daxewe le kult&uacute;r&iacute; mon&iacute;st u total&iacute;t&eacute;r&iacute; Be&#8217;s&iacute; da sosiyal&iacute;ze kirawn.<\/p>\n<p> Hem&uacute; hewil u t&eacute;koshan&eacute;k bo durust kirdin&iacute; goya ziman&eacute;k&iacute; netewey&iacute; yekgirt&uacute; yan kod &ndash; kop&iacute;kirdin&iacute; seqet&iacute; nasyonal&iacute;zmekan&iacute; der u j&iacute;ranane wate Kurdayet&iacute; kirdin be x&iacute;tabey be m&eacute;jh&ugrave;wewe n&uacute;san le bin killaw&iacute; Pehlew&iacute; le Rojheellat, kurdayet&iacute; kirdin be pirens&iacute;pe Kemal&iacute;stekan u be shebqey Ataturk le Bak&uacute;r u kurdayet&iacute; kirdin be &#8216;ebay &#8216;r&uacute;be le Bash&uacute;rda &#8211; rengdanewey ew qiseyeye ke &quot; &eacute;mesh neteweyek&iacute;n u ziman u kult&uacute;rman yeke&quot;. L&eacute;re da pirsiyar eweye bo deb&eacute; biz&uacute;tinewey netewey&iacute; Kurd rengdanewey nasyonal&iacute;sme nal&iacute;b&eacute;ralekan&iacute; der u j&iacute;ran b&eacute;? ewan mezheb u doktir&iacute;n&eacute;k&iacute; nasyonal&iacute;st&iacute;yan be p&eacute;y hend&eacute; ashop u x&iacute;tabey m&eacute;jh&ugrave;y&iacute; bo xoyan durust kirdwe, &eacute;me ew doktir&iacute;neman niye, tenya hend&eacute; layen&iacute; siyas&iacute; u roshinb&iacute;r&iacute; hewil deden be sh&eacute;weyek&iacute; seqet binemay ew doktir&iacute;ne damezr&eacute;n&iacute;n. Le kat&eacute;kda ew x&iacute;tabeye be kellk&iacute; durust kirdin&iacute; dewllet &ndash; netewey sed ya dused sal&iacute; p&eacute;shtir dehat. P&eacute;w&iacute;ste bigotir&eacute; ke be b&eacute; mebde\u200c u pirens&iacute;p wergirtin le maf&iacute; mirov u d&eacute;mokras&iacute;, ew&iacute;sh le serdem&iacute; post-industrialist (pash-p&eacute;shesaz&iacute;) da pirojhey netewe saz&iacute; &eacute;me feshel d&eacute;n&eacute; u helldewesh&eacute;. Eger ew r&eacute;baze nad&eacute;mokrat&iacute;k u nal&iacute;beralane hellbjh&eacute;r&iacute;n, &iacute;d&iacute; p&eacute;w&iacute;stman be dujhmin niye\u061b cunke pirrojhey netewesaz&iacute; &eacute;me xoy le n&eacute;w xoy da dujhmin&iacute; xoy dadetash&eacute; u le akam da le n&eacute;w xoyda helldewesh&eacute; u depr&uacute;k&eacute;tewe.<\/p>\n<p> <em><strong>T&eacute;b&iacute;n&iacute;:<\/strong> em witarey mamosta B&eacute;hr&uacute;z&iacute; Shuja&#8217;&iacute; le jhimarey 454 u 455 &iacute; rojhnamey Kurdistan Raport 16 u17-&iacute; jhwen&iacute; 2008 u le mallperr&iacute; Ruwange da billaw kirawetewe. Legell sipas bo berr&eacute;zyan u rojhnamey Kurdistan Raport u <a href=\"http:\/\/ruwange.blogspot.com\/2008\/06\/blog-post_17.html\">mallperr&iacute; Ruwane<\/a> l&eacute;re da bo kelik l&eacute;wergirtin&iacute; xw&eacute;neweran&iacute; KAL d&iacute;san billaw dekir&eacute;tewe.<br \/> <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ziman&eacute;k&iacute; Yekgirt&uacute;y Kurd&iacute;, T&eacute;kishkandin u Hellweshandin&iacute; Pirrojhey Netewesaz&iacute; Kurd e Behr&uacute;z&iacute; Shuja&#8217;&iacute;, Zankoy Dehok<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":328,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-329","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=329"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/329\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kurdishacademy.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}